En la primera parte de este artículo Marc Richir plantea el problema fenomenológico central de la Crisis de las ciencias europeas y la fenomenología trascendental de Edmund Husserl y que encuentra en El origen de la geometría su prueba concreta: el problema del irreductible hiatus o laguna en la continuidad fenomenológica entre la Lebenswelt y la ciencia. La exposición de este problema se desarrolla en la segunda parte mostrando que el primer problema fenomenológico fundamental de la Krisis es el del (...) movimiento de la formación de sentido originario (Sinnbildung), es decir del despliegue de la temporalidad concreta de una conciencia irreductible a la presencia, conciencia de la que es coextensivo un fenómeno-de- lenguaje consistente en fases de presencia de sentido originariamente plurales y múltiples, en un tiempo lacunar originariamente estallado. En la tercera parte, y en relación esta vez con la institución simbólica como el segundo problema fenomenológico fundamental de la Krisis, Richir problematiza el paso de la Sinnbildung originaria a la sedimentación con el que Husserl, en un gesto metafísico clásico de estructuración, compromete a la fenomenología. Finalmente, en la cuarta parte Richir se aventura a explicar, con el ejemplo concreto del Origen de la geometría, las condiciones fenomenológicas bajo las cuales nace la institución simbólica de la geometría como ciencia al encajarse en la institución simbólica del mundo de la pre-geometría, es decir en el orden de una Sinnbildung originaria en operación en un trazado de figuras que no conduce ipso facto a la institución propiamente geométrica. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Philosophy and Rhetoric 33.2 (2000) 101-115 [Access article in PDF] Case Study of the Use of a Circumstantial Ad Hominem in Political Argumentation Douglas Walton In the 1860s, Northern newspapers attacked Lincoln's policies by attacking his character, using the terms drunk, baboon, too slow, foolish, and dishonest. Steadily on the increase in political argumentation since then, the argumentum ad hominem has been carefully refined as an instrument of "oppo (...) tactics" and "going negative" by the public relations experts who now craft political campaigns at the national level. It has been so prominently used in the major political campaigns, debates, and advertisements of the past few years that there has even been a reaction against it--a feeling that we have gone too far in this direction and that some kind of restraint is needed. 1 But there has been no evidence of such restraint in the argumentation used in recent campaigns. Perhaps what might be helpful is a better understanding on the part of voters and campaigners of how to evaluate ad hominem arguments critically.How does the ad hominem argument really work as a way of molding public opinion, why is it so often so effective, and how can it be defended against? How can it be evaluated as a clearly identifiable type of argument, by some kind of objective standards, in a way that can be applied to particular cases? These appear to be tough questions, but recent research has made some not inconsiderable progress toward answering them.The purpose of this article is to present a new case study of a type of argument commonly used in political discourse, a case study that makes use of the dialectical normative framework for identifying and evaluating personal attack (ad hominem) arguments that is developed in a series of works by Henry W. Johnstone Jr. (1952); Alan Brinton (1985, 1995); Frans H. van Eemeren and Rob Grootendorst (1984, 1995); Erik C. W. Krabbe and Douglas N. Walton (1993), Walton (1989, chap. 6; 1998); and van Eemeren, Grootendorst, Francisca Snoeck Henkemans et al. (1996). This particular case, although typical of so many ad hominem arguments currently [End Page 101] in use in political discourse, has some special features that turn out to be quite interesting not only in showing how the dialectical framework applies to cases, but also in advancing our knowledge of how the ad hominem type of argument works in political argumentation in a democratic system for which the media reportage of events is a big factor in influencing voting. 1. Framework for analysis and evaluation Although the argumentum ad hominem, or personal attack argument, has been traditionally treated as a fallacy in logic, recent research in argumentation (as cited above) shows that, in many cases,--including cases in political argumentation--ad hominem arguments, as used in conversational arguments, are not fallacious. Research has shown that, while some personal attack arguments can definitely be judged fallacious, many others are quite reasonable (when evaluated in the appropriate context), while still others should be evaluated as weak (insufficiently supported) but not fallacious. As shown in this case study, the real function of an ad hominem argument (when properly used) is to attack an arguer's credibility in order to criticize the argument she advocates.Before going any further, it is necessary to define some terminology brought to use in the research cited above. An ad hominem argument is the use of personal attack in a dialogue exchange between two parties, where the one party attacks the character of the other party as bad, in some respect, and then uses this attack as a basis for criticizing the other party's argument. An argument is fallacious if it is a special baptizable (Johnson 1987) type of argument that is used by one party in a dialogue exchange in such a way that it blocks or interferes with the collaborative realization of the goal of the type of dialogue in which the two participants are supposed to be engaged (Walton 1995). Thus, there is a difference between a weak... (shrink)

Following the situation of poverty in the rights paradigm, this paper explores the links between the rights-based and corporate social responsibility approaches to the realization of socioeconomic rights in the broader context of an emerging recognition of CSR as private regulation of business behaviour. It examines complex theoretical and practical dimensions of responsibility and potential contributions of businesses to poverty alleviation and clarifies the apparent paradox of legal compulsion of essentially voluntary CSR activities. Rather than treat rights and CSR as (...) parallel approaches to protecting socioeconomic rights, it is argued that CSR can be part of a coherent framework of laws and policies for legally translating broad human rights commitments to poverty reduction into concrete programmes. The paper demonstrates how legally propped CSR arrangements can support poverty reduction and appropriate task-specific contextualised definitions and boundaries of CSR that complement the rights-based approach. It is argued that human rights principles have normative dimensions to guide and help formulate policies, programmes and practices, which in turn allow for a creative use of and legal prop to CSR. The conceptualization of human rights is not restricted to one implementation method, and CSR can partly satisfy states’ human rights obligations and transcend the narrow conventional human rights discourse on obligations of non-state actors. (shrink)

We speculate with Hegel about language, critiquing interpretations of Hegel’s views on language given by Jim Vernon, John McCumber, Stephen Houlgate, and Michael N. Forster, as well as defending Sophisticated Radical Whorfianism from the objections of Maria Francisca Reines and Jesse Prinz. Prior to discussing Forster, we explicate Hegel’s views on mechanical memory. We conclude by discussing why, although thought grows up, it does not move out.

This article argues that effective corporate social responsibility (CSR) of multinational pharmaceutical companies in developing countries should reflect context, opportunity, proximity, time and impact in accordance with the social integration and ethical approaches to CSR. It proposes a CSR model expressed as CSR=COPTI+SI+E, which acknowledges access-to-medicines as a matter in the global public domain, a public choice problem and a moral responsibility issue for multinational pharmaceutical companies. This model recognises the globalisation of the principle of humanity in communities of place (...) and communities of interest as highlighted by the Global Economic Ethic Manifesto 2009 as an integral part of the responsibilities of multinational pharmaceutical companies. The model reflects a global application of the concept of disadvantaged consumer already known to some national laws. The article suggests an access-to-medicines CSR framework for pharmaceutical companies which may include pricing, patents, testing and clinical trials, research and development, joint public private initiative and appropriate use of drugs. (shrink)

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is increasingly becoming a popular business concept in developed economies. As typical of other business concepts, it is on its way to globalization through practices and structures of the globalized capitalist world order, typified in Multinational Corporations (MNCs). However, CSR often sits uncomfortably in this capitalist world order, as MNCs are often challenged by the global reach of their supply chains and the possible irresponsible practices inherent along these chains. The possibility of irresponsible practices puts global (...) firms under pressure to protect their brands even if it means assuming responsibilities for the practices of their suppliers. Pressure groups understand this burden on firms and try to take advantage of the situation. This article seeks to challenge the often taken-for-granted-assumption that firms should be accountable for the practices of their suppliers by espousing the moral (and sometimes legal) underpinnings of the concept of responsibility. Except where corporate control and or corporate grouping exist, it identifies the use of power as a critical factor to be considered in allocating responsibility in firm-supplier relationship; and suggests that the more powerful in this relationship has a responsibility to exert some moral influence on the weaker party. The article highlights the use of code of conducts, corporate culture, anti-pressure group campaigns, personnel training and value reorientation as possible sources of wielding positive moral influence along supply chains. (shrink)

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a relatively undeveloped concept despite its increasing importance to corporations. One difficulty is the possible inexactness of CSR. Another is the apparent reluctance by regulatory authorities and policy makers to intervene in the area. This is largely a result of inhibitions created by traditional approaches to company law with emphasis on shareholder protection and financial disclosure. The consequence is the stultification of independent development of CSR by tying social issues to financial performance. This attitude might (...) not be unconnected to the theoretical and practical challenges in justifying CSR and defining its scope. The underlying impediment is a factual and theoretical failure to distinguish ‘instrumental’ and ‘pure’ (ethical) CSR. This article demonstrates that ethical CSR highlights the role of regulation, and a principal stance is that regulation is neither incompatible nor irreconcilable with ethical CSR. The article argues that cognizance of the intrinsic moral justification of ‘pure’ CSR is required for delineating the scope of CSR as well as for clarifying the desirability and extent of its regulation. It argues that the dynamic history and visage of multinational corporate corruption illuminates the fluidity of the regulation–CSR relationship. The current and widening backlash against transnational corporate corruption is, arguably, a demonstration of the position that regulation and CSR are not mutually exclusive and absolute concepts. This article submits that recognition and application of this ‘ethical’ and ‘instrumental’ CSR distinction is fundamental to the development of CSR and resolution of connected questions of regulation. (shrink)

I provide a new way of thinking of questions using an expanded space of FDE worlds. This allows both for non-exclusive and non-exhaustive answers to questions concerning one’s gender identity. Further, and most crucially for the purposes of this paper, it allows for a new, more general definition of question-inclusion that makes it possible to identify a new form of hermeneutical injustice. This form of injustice, I argue, affects trans people by keeping them in a prolonged state of gender questioning (...) and confusion in which they only grasp the part of the question Am I a member of gender G? that corresponds to the question Do I want to be a member of gender G?. (shrink)

We have to gain from recognizing a relation between epistemic agents and the parts of subject matters that play a role in their cognitive lives. I call this relation “grasping”. Namely, I zone in on one notion of having a partial grasp of a subject matter—that of agents grasping part of the subject matter that they are attending to—and characterize it. I propose that giving up the idealization that we fully grasp the subject matters we attend to allows one to (...) more realistically characterize the epistemic life of agents. To show this, I propose an epistemic logic with partial grasp that has in mind considerations from first-order aboutness theory with the aim of avoiding certain forms of logical omniscience, and which provides an alternative to immanent closure (Yablo Aboutness, Princeton University Press, 2014). (shrink)

Developments in truthmaker semantics for the most part stay clear of the metaphysical issue of what sort of entities serve as the truthmakers and falsitymakers for sentences. It is assumed that perhaps facts or states of affairs (Fine 2017a ; Jago 2020 ), with these taken sometimes as concrete particulars (Hawke 2018 ) could serve for the job, but nonetheless that some such entities would do. In this paper I take a closer look at the issue of what entities could (...) or could not play the role of truthmakers and falsitymakers in standard truthmaker semantics (Fine 2016, 2017a, b ; Fine and Jago 2019 ), based on desiderata imposed by metaphysical and semantic considerations. (shrink)

Agents know some but not all logical consequences of what they know. Agents seem to be neither logically omniscient nor logically incompetent. Yet finding an intermediate standard of minimal rationality has proven difficult. In this paper, I take suggestions found in the literature (Lewis, 1988; Hawke, Özgün and Berto, 2020; Plebani and Spolaore, 2021) and join the forces of subject matter and impossible worlds approaches to devise a new solution to this quandary. I do so by combining a space of (...) FDE worlds (Berto and Jago, 2019) with a Lewisian (1988) understanding of subject matters as partitions. By doing so, I show how subject matters impose some order in the anarchic space of FDE worlds, while the worlds allow for distinctions between contents which would not otherwise be available. Combining the two approaches, then, brings us closer to the desired closure principles for knowledge of minimally rational agents. (shrink)

Chronic diseases are the main disease burden worldwide, leading to premature deaths and poor individual and population health outcomes. Although modern medicine has made significant progress in developing effective treatments, only around 50% of people follow long-term treatment recommendations in high-income countries and presumably even less in low-income and middle-income countries.1 Health outcomes for chronic diseases follow a social gradient across socioeconomic groups, suggesting that the 50% adherence rate distributes unequally across social groups, affecting those who live in disadvantage the (...) most despite universal health coverage.2 Bioethicists have largely ignored inequalities that arise from differences in adherence to long-term treatments and the importance of the ethical dimension of chronicity for clinical practice. As I discuss in detail elsewhere, the concept of ‘chronic disease’ lacks a successful and agreed definition, failing to be structured in a traditional way and allowing for a disjunctive group of diseases to fall under the concept.3 Still, the main element that helps distinguish ‘chronic diseases’ from all other diseases is their long duration, so the noun chronicity can help demarcate and identify the nature of ‘chronic disease’. Drawing on conceptual analysis and phenomenological research on illness that highlight the tension between the cyclical and static elements of chronic disease, I have argued that chronicity has a phenomenological sense beyond its …. (shrink)

El coloquio-conversatorio Memorias sonoras, prisión política y dictaduras en el Cono Sur. Reflexiones trasandinas sensibles se desarrolló el día 11 de septiembre de 2021, día de conmemoración de las víctimas de violencias políticas durante la dictadura militar chilena. Fue organizado por la línea Arte y Política del Núcleo de Sociología del Arte y las Prácticas Culturales de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Chile, y contó con la participación de expositoras chilenas y argentinas: Analía Lutowicz, Victoria Polti, (...) Katia Chornik y Francisca Cornejo. A continuación, presentamos tres de las ponencias propuestas para el conversatorio: “Memorias de canciones de Violeta Parra y la Nueva Canción Chilena en mujeres ex presas políticas en la cárcel del Buen Pastor de Valparaíso durante la dictadura militar chilena” a cargo de Francisca Cornejo, “La memoria sonora de las experiencias concentracionarias en Argentina. Escuchando las miradas que construyen los relatos del Terrorismo de Estado durante la última dictadura cívico-militar”, a cargo de Analía Lutowicz y “La performatividad del sonido y la escucha en contextos concentracionarios” de Victoria Polti. (shrink)

The readiness of Buddhists to dialogue with and embrace modern science has caused some to worry that this encounter will deform Buddhist traditions for the sake of acceptance by the West. But their strong tradition of epistemological skepticism and intellectual pluralism makes it unlikely that Buddhists will embrace scientific positivism. Given the tensions between religion and science in contemporary western society, it is perhaps this feature of Buddhism that can make the most fruitful contribution in its dialogue with science.

O breve ensaio de Heidegger O que é isto - a Filosofia? guarda em si as questões essenciais sobre os fundamentos, perspectivas norteadoras e finalidades que possibilitaram o surgimento da filosofia como forma eminente do conhecimento ocidental. Contemplando o modo como Parmênides, Heráclito, Platão e Aristóteles estabelecem o sentido do Ser, Heidegger mostra em que sentido os filósofos gregos depuseram no νoεῖν e no λόγος fundamento essencial de ἀλήθεια. Na exposição que Heidegger faz das continuidades e distinções características de cada (...) um dos filósofos gregos por respeito à questão do sentido do Ser e da Verdade destacaremos concomitantemente os pressupostos do próprio pensamento de Heidegger, os quais o orientaram na abordagem do Ser. (shrink)

El agua como bien vital de todo ser vivo, ante un estado de vulnerabilidad, daño y/o riesgo puede manifestarse como conflicto socio ambiental. En el mapeo del conflicto se identifican diversos actores, sin embargo, un actor imprescindible son los miembros de la comunidad en el que emergen conflictos que deben ser gestionados para llevar a un consenso de bien común. El estudio de caso expuesto, aborda y describe elementos esenciales que deben ser previstos en la gestión y acuerdos de conflicto (...) entre miembros de ejidos, comunidades y/o pueblos indígenas desde la interpretación del lenguaje social y cultural. (shrink)

Quizá no sea desacertado destacar que cuando Étienne Balibar afirma que el sujeto-ciudadano rousseauniano constituye una «figura propiamente revolucionaria», no está simplemente mencionándolo desde una perspectiva teórico-política, pues está haciendo ver que la dualidad que comporta supone una figura revolucionaria en un sentido lingüístico y especulativo. En este artículo, nuestro propósito no es otro que analizar el triple alcance de la «invención teórica de Rousseau». Que las significaciones conceptuales no puedan ser simples o unívocas, es lo que en buena medida (...) intentaremos poner de relieve siguiendo su interpretación de algunas de las nociones medulares del Contrato social de Rousseau. (shrink)

Alors que le pays brûle, je brode. Je le fais depuis des années pour différentes raisons. Tout d’abord, pour évoquer les tissus de ma maison qui ont été brodés par ma mère et mes tantes. D’autre part, pour apporter cette affectivité et cette mémoire dans un espace organisationnel avec mes collègues de travail. Nous nous sommes réunies et rapprochées après avoir brodé une grande toile représentant les travailleurs de la maison centrale de l’université du Chili, une tâche qui nous a (...) pris des mois et qui a été décomposée en d’autres pièces connexes, telles que des slogans et des revendications syndicales. Des pièces différentes, mais toutes liées. J’ai également brodé un slogan de lutte pour les survivants de la violence politique et sexuelle pendant la dictature. Je continue également à broder les souvenirs d’un groupe de femmes qui ont été enlevées et assassinées dans la ville de mon enfance, en créant leurs visages avec un matériau particulier : les cheveux de femmes comme elles. (shrink)

El presente artículo aborda la experiencia de la sobrevivencia de los presos políticos en el Campo de Prisioneros de Chacabuco durante la dictadura cívico-militar chilena, a través de la práctica artística teatral, entre 1973 y 1974. A modo de hipótesis se plantea que el teatro permitió a los presos mermar el drama y construir transitoriamente realidades diferentes, suspendiendo la realidad impuesta y creando otras alternativas. La pregunta principal es de qué manera el corpus dramático de Mario Molina, escrito durante su (...) detención, generó estrategias de supervivencia y condiciones para interpretar los nuevos hechos extraordinarios que estaban sucediendo. El teatro de Mario Molina en cuanto a escritura, puesta en escena y recepción se analiza desde su propia dramaturgia, así como desde el campo testimonial. (shrink)

En este articulo se examina la tradicional caracterización de la filosofía de la ciencia como una disciplina normativa. Se discuten varias concepciones de esta disciplina, cada una de las cuales ofrece una respuesta diferente a la pregunta de si es posible, y cómo, una filosofía de la ciencia genuinamente normativa. De entre esas concepciones, se opta por una forma de naturalismo que se diferencia de otras en la exigeneia de que la normatividad de la filosofía de la ciencia inc!uya la (...) discusión de los objetivos y valores, epistémicos o no, de la ciencia. La necesidad de esta inc!usión se ilustra, finalmente, con el ejemplo de la aetividad conocida como “cicncia reguladora”.This article examines the traditional characterization of the philosophy of science as a normative discipline. Several understandings of this discipline are discussed; each of them offering a different answer to the question whether, and how, a genuinely normative philosophy of science might be possible. Among these views, I choose one variety of naturalism that differs from others in its commitment with the discussion of science’s aims and values, either epistemic or non-epistemic. Finally, the need for this inclusion is illustrated with the example of the so-called “regulatory science”. (shrink)

Many of the actual bioethical discussions start from the assumption that we have absolute dominance/disposition over our body. Based on the thesis of autonomy, control over one's own life and the freedom to do anything, at least with one's body, the goodness or legitimacy of acts such as suicide and euthanasia are often justified. Considering the last statements, this paper seeks to approach the question of the nature of the disposition –main attribute of dominion or property– over the body. It (...) will be argued on the basis of Thomas Aquinas' theory and Immanuel Kant's exposition, often wrongly considered, in my opinion, as rival doctrines. The whole writing will be oriented to review the relations of the modern principle of autonomy with the problem of the morality of suicide. (shrink)

Purpose This paper reviews the origins of the Ethics Council of the Federation of Social Communication Media of Chile and looks into the historical circumstances surrounding its creation, the concept of self-regulation as understood by its founders, and the criteria that initially ruled its operation. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative survey of nine contemporary witnesses and the confrontation with the scientific literature. Findings The results reveal a significant coincidence with the academic literature both in the description of the concept of self-regulation and (...) in the origin of the ethics councils and of the system under which they operate. However, a series of nuances not usually considered in the concept of self-regulation are described. Originality/value This study will help assess the national and international possibilities of self-regulation and the significance of the Chilean ethics council. (shrink)

En fenomenología generalmente se habla de dos aproximaciones al abordar el fenómeno de la intersubjetividad: la aproximación cartesiana o neohegeliana ¾representada por Sartre¾; y la aproximación ontológico-social ¾representada por el Mitsein heideggeriano. Merleau-Ponty es conocido por seguir una corriente fuertemente influenciada por Heidegger, influencia que se extiende también en el área de la intersubjetividad. Pero, a pesar de la preponderancia heideggeriana, Merleau-Ponty integra aspectos importantes de la teoría intersubjetiva sartreana a su filosofía. En base a ello, cabe preguntarse, ¿cómo puede (...) Merleau-Ponty armonizar dos corrientes contrarias en el terreno de la intersubjetividad? Es el concepto de la mirada y del ser-con los que convivirán en la filosofía social merleau-pontiana de la Fenomenología de la percepción. Así, intentaremos hacer ver que la comprensión intersubjetiva de Merleau-Ponty supera la escisión entre las aproximaciones intersubjetivas de Sartre y Heidegger, ya que toma como base el Mitsein heideggeriano, pero mantiene, al mismo tiempo, el estatus conflictivo de la mirada sartreana. (shrink)

The manner in which a person views the universe originates from her/his culture. If someone were asked of the predominant element found in every culture that has for centuries given people their perspective of the universe, certainly, the answer would be, Religion! The responsibility of generating and preserving the elements of one’s perspective of the universe has rested with religious institutions such as Methodist, Protestant, or Roman Catholic churches or spiritual leaders such as the Buddha. Whether the element is developed (...) through the teaching of the Holy Bible, Catechism, Vedas, or Koran, people in the universe, including the Garífuna-speaking people of Central America, have always felt the need to .. (shrink)

The following article analyzes the development of education plans in home economics and home education between 1920 and 1960 in the case of Chile. From this perspective, it is interesting to investigate the impact on female pedagogical training of the manuals and education programs in home economics and home education between 1920 and 1960, promoted by the different Chilean governments of the period. The results show that these plans and programmes enhanced the training of women in domestic work, contributing to (...) this task from primary, secondary and later university education, it is also noted that the educational policies promoted in the period contributed to strengthen a naturalizing discourse on the relationship. (shrink)

Epigram AP XVI 275, by Posidippus, contains an ecphrasis of a statue created by the sculptor Lysippus that is an allegory of Kairos – not in expository form but rather in the form of a dialogue of questions and answers, with the aim of revealing the hidden meaning of its peculiar iconographic features. Lysippus’ statue and Posidippus’ epigram are the oldest testimonies existing in art and in the literary sources for Kairos, which was the subject of other descriptions and of (...) a rich iconography starting at the end of the Hellenistic age. They contain discrepancies in the selection of the features characterizing the concept, which possibly derive from a change in the meaning and the role of the allegory. The text provides an indication of the frequency with which certain abstractions were personified and deified in the Hellenistic age, sometimes to the point of becoming an object of worship. (shrink)

En este trabajo se propone una síntesis de la concepción agustiniana trinitaria de la mens con la teoría dual de las relaciones intencionales y de los géneros de potencias del alma que profesa la tradición aristotélica. En este sentido, se analiza el conocimiento existencial y esencial del alma en San Agustín, la "duplex cognitio" en Tomás de Aquino, así como alarmas de las aportaciones y claves interpretativas del agustinismo tomista de Jaime Bofill relativas a su concepto de "memoria de sí" (...) o "sentimiento fundamental". (shrink)

A crítica enérgica de Heidegger à Metafísica moderna, a qual funda a possibilidade de determinação do Ser na Subjetividade, levou-o a começar a sua investigação do sentido do Ser voltando-se para a Filosofia grega. Com Aristóteles Heidegger procurou solo conceitual para demonstrar na facticidade do existir, antes que na Consciência, o fundamento da compreensividade de todo, e com Platão, o Filósofo buscou um ponto de partida fundado para legitimar uma investigação positiva do não-Ser – aqui o seu intuito foi precisamente (...) o de conceder uma linhagem à problemática do Nada e da Diferença. A partir de uma breve contextualização de duas questões assumidas por Heidegger em sua abordagem inicial de ambos os Filósofos gregos, propomos, neste Ensaio, indicar uma demarcação, fixada em suas Obras principais, dos saltos capitais do seu percurso investigativo, situado entre os chamados primeiro e o segundo Heidegger, em vista da abertura de uma saída da Metafísica e a sua apresentação de um novo Princípio de abordagem do Ser, com a feição de Acontecimento – a figura do entretecimento de Ser e Tempo fora da perspectiva da Entidade. A referência a essas questões embora de modo apenas indicativo, permitirá manter presente o ponto de partida da problemática ética e ontológica assumida por Heidegger como tarefa determinante de sua Filosofia. (shrink)